diff --git a/packages/vitest/src/node/plugins/browserLoader.ts b/packages/vitest/src/node/plugins/browserLoader.ts
index 89e42486f..b282eb825 100644
--- a/packages/vitest/src/node/plugins/browserLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/vitest/src/node/plugins/browserLoader.ts
@@ -214,6 +214,9 @@ export async function createClusterServer(
     await server.listen(config.api.port)
   } else {
     deferredListen.set(server, { port: config.api.port })
+    // Vite runs plugin buildStart hooks on listen; global setup and --changed
+    // transform modules before the first browser launch
+    await server.environments.client.pluginContainer.buildStart()
   }
   contribution.setupRpc(parent)
   return { server, parent }
diff --git a/test/e2e/test/related-deps.test.ts b/test/e2e/test/related-deps.test.ts
index 74a20e9a7..caa0155f9 100644
--- a/test/e2e/test/related-deps.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/test/related-deps.test.ts
@@ -1654,6 +1654,46 @@ test('the environment comment is ignored for browser tests', async () => {
   `)
 })
 
+test('browser tests importing an unrelated CSS module are not selected', async () => {
+  const root = `${process.cwd()}/vitest-test-${crypto.randomUUID()}`
+  useFS(root, {
+    'vitest.config.js': `
+      import { playwright } from '@vitest/browser-playwright'
+      export default {
+        test: {
+          browser: {
+            enabled: true,
+            headless: true,
+            provider: playwright(),
+            instances: [{ browser: 'chromium' }],
+          },
+        },
+      }
+    `,
+    'src/button.module.css': '.button { color: red; }',
+    'src/button.js': `
+      import styles from './button.module.css'
+      export const buttonClass = () => styles.button
+    `,
+    'src/other.module.css': '.other { color: blue; }',
+    'src/other.js': `
+      import styles from './other.module.css'
+      export const otherClass = () => styles.other
+    `,
+    'button.test.js': testFile('button', `import './src/button.js'`),
+    'other.test.js': testFile('other', `import './src/other.js'`),
+  })
+  const vitest = await createVitest({ root, watch: false, related: ['src/button.js'] })
+  onTestFinished(() => vitest.close())
+
+  const specifications = await vitest.getRelevantTestSpecifications()
+  expect(specifications.map((spec) => spec.moduleId.slice(root.length + 1))).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    [
+      "button.test.js",
+    ]
+  `)
+})
+
 test('the run uses the environment comment read when filtering', async () => {
   const root = `${process.cwd()}/vitest-test-${crypto.randomUUID()}`
   const { editFile } = useFS(root, {