diff --git a/packages/vitest/src/node/core.ts b/packages/vitest/src/node/core.ts
index e4e34bd2a..4bd40393d 100644
--- a/packages/vitest/src/node/core.ts
+++ b/packages/vitest/src/node/core.ts
@@ -1549,11 +1549,18 @@ export class Vitest {
         closePromises.push(...this._onClose.map(fn => fn()))
 
         await Promise.allSettled(closePromises).then((results) => {
-          [...results, ...teardownErrors.map(r => ({ status: 'rejected', reason: r }))].forEach((r) => {
-            if (r.status === 'rejected') {
-              this.logger.error('error during close', r.reason)
-            }
-          })
+          const errors = [
+            ...results
+              .filter((r): r is PromiseRejectedResult => r.status === 'rejected')
+              .map(r => r.reason),
+            ...teardownErrors,
+          ]
+
+          for (const error of errors) {
+            this.logger.error('error during close', error)
+          }
+
+          this._checkUnhandledErrors(errors)
         })
         await this._traces?.finish()
       })()
diff --git a/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/example.test.ts b/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/example.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f71db9781
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/example.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import { expect, test } from 'vitest'
+
+test('example test', () => {
+  expect(1 + 1).toBe(2)
+})
diff --git a/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/globalSetup/error.ts b/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/globalSetup/error.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ba00ede71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/globalSetup/error.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export default function () {
+  return () => {
+    throw new Error('teardown error')
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/vitest.config.ts b/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/vitest.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5705e8757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail/vitest.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  test: {
+    globals: true,
+    globalSetup: [
+      resolve(import.meta.dirname, './globalSetup/error.ts'),
+    ],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/test/e2e/test/global-setup.test.ts b/test/e2e/test/global-setup.test.ts
index 97e4e6bd0..5964f6c36 100644
--- a/test/e2e/test/global-setup.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/test/global-setup.test.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,14 @@ it('should fail', async () => {
   expect(stderr).toContain('globalSetup/error.ts:6:9')
 })
 
+it('fails with a non-zero exit code when teardown throws', async () => {
+  const root = resolve(import.meta.dirname, '../fixtures/global-setup-teardown-fail')
+  const { stderr, exitCode } = await runVitest({ root })
+
+  expect(exitCode).toBe(1)
+  expect(stderr).toContain('Error: teardown error')
+})
+
 it('runs global setup/teardown', async () => {
   const { stderr, errorTree } = await runVitest({
     root: './fixtures/global-setup',