diff --git a/spec.md b/spec.md
index 78391b5..5e2b13b 100644
--- a/spec.md
+++ b/spec.md
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ RecordPath has six syntax characters, which must be escaped by a preceeding `!`
 | `.`     | `!.`    | field separator   |
 | `[`     | `![`    | arrays            |
 | `]`     | `!]`    | arrays            |
-| `{`     | `!}`    | union refs        |
+| `{`     | `!{`    | union refs        |
 | `}`     | `!}`    | union refs        |
 | `!`     | `!!`    | escape            |
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ facets[].features[app.bsky.richtext.facet#link].uri
 facets[].features[app.bsky.richtext.facet#mention].did
 ```
 
-So while arrays are unordered in RecordPath, their elements are always segmented by union-ref type when they contained unioned types.
+So while arrays are unordered in RecordPath, their elements are always segmented by union-ref type when they contain unioned types.
 
 
 ### 2.5 Scalar union fields
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ Given a post with a quoted post:
 
 The RecordPath `embed{app.bsky.embed.external}.uri` reaches the quoted post's external embed URI, "https://youtu.be/-pns419xAoc?si=K4XMQfFv-t4Q1cn0".
 
-- The NSID in the parens is the `$type` value verbatim, including any `#fragment` suffix if present. the `#main` suffix is never present per the lexicon spec so this is close-to-canonical, but i need to think more about relative `#fragments` (that omit the NSID part) and whether that introduces any non-canonical problem.
+- The NSID in the braces is the `$type` value verbatim, including any `#fragment` suffix if present. The `#main` suffix is never present per the lexicon spec (*"use of a `#main` suffix is invalid"* in `$type` values). Relative `#fragment` references (without NSID) only exist within lexicon definition files as shorthand; `$type` values in record data are always fully-qualified (`nsid` or `nsid#name`). So the data is already canonical and no normalization is needed.
 - The top-level record `$type` is excluded from this rule.