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A lexicon-driven AppView for ATProto.
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Rust
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/// Database backend type, auto-detected from DATABASE_URL or set via DATABASE_BACKEND.#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Deserialize)]#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]pub enum DatabaseBackend { Sqlite, Postgres,}
impl DatabaseBackend { /// Detect backend from DATABASE_URL prefix. pub fn from_url(url: &str) -> Self { if url.starts_with("sqlite://") || url.starts_with("sqlite:") { DatabaseBackend::Sqlite } else { DatabaseBackend::Postgres } }
/// Parse from string (e.g., from DATABASE_BACKEND env var). #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait)] pub fn from_str(s: &str) -> Option<Self> { match s.to_lowercase().as_str() { "sqlite" => Some(DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "postgres" | "postgresql" => Some(DatabaseBackend::Postgres), _ => None, } }}
/// Regex matching `json_extract(col, '$.path.to.leaf')`/// Captures: (1) column name, (2) the JSON path after `$.`static JSON_EXTRACT_RE: LazyLock<Regex> = LazyLock::new(|| Regex::new(r"json_extract\((\w+(?:\.\w+)*),\s*'\$\.([^']+)'\)").unwrap());
/// Regex matching `datetime('now', '±N unit')`/// Captures: (1) sign (+/-), (2) the interval value e.g. "7 days"static DATETIME_INTERVAL_RE: LazyLock<Regex> = LazyLock::new(|| Regex::new(r"datetime\('now',\s*'([+-])(\d+\s+[^']+)'\)").unwrap());
/// Regex matching bare `datetime('now')`static DATETIME_NOW_RE: LazyLock<Regex> = LazyLock::new(|| Regex::new(r"datetime\('now'\)").unwrap());
/// Convert SQL written in SQLite dialect to work on the target backend.////// Source SQL uses SQLite syntax:/// - `?` placeholders/// - `json_extract(col, '$.path')` for JSON access/// - `datetime('now')` / `datetime('now', '±N unit')` for timestamps/// - `LIKE` for case-insensitive matching/// - `0`/`1` for booleans////// For Postgres, converts to:/// - `$1, $2, $3...` numbered placeholders/// - `col::jsonb->'seg1'->'seg2'->>'leaf'` JSON chains/// - `NOW()` / `NOW() ± INTERVAL 'N unit'`/// - `LIKE` stays as-is (works on both)/// - `0`/`1` stays as-is (works on both)pub fn adapt_sql(sql: &str, backend: DatabaseBackend) -> String { match backend { DatabaseBackend::Sqlite => { // Source is already SQLite — no-op sql.to_string() } DatabaseBackend::Postgres => { let mut result = sql.to_string();
// 1. json_extract → Postgres JSON chain result = adapt_json_extract_to_postgres(&result);
// 2. datetime('now', '±N unit') → NOW() ± INTERVAL 'N unit' // Must run before bare datetime('now') replacement. result = DATETIME_INTERVAL_RE .replace_all(&result, |caps: ®ex::Captures| { let sign = &caps[1]; let interval = &caps[2]; format!("NOW() {sign} INTERVAL '{interval}'") }) .to_string();
// 3. datetime('now') → NOW() result = DATETIME_NOW_RE.replace_all(&result, "NOW()").to_string();
// 4. ? → $1, $2, $3... (quote-aware) result = adapt_placeholders_to_postgres(&result);
result } }}
/// Convert `json_extract(col, '$.seg1.seg2.leaf')` to Postgres `col::jsonb->'seg1'->'seg2'->>'leaf'`.fn adapt_json_extract_to_postgres(sql: &str) -> String { JSON_EXTRACT_RE .replace_all(sql, |caps: ®ex::Captures| { let col = &caps[1]; let path = &caps[2]; // e.g. "defs.main.type" or "title"
let segments: Vec<&str> = path.split('.').collect(); let mut chain = format!("{col}::jsonb");
for (i, seg) in segments.iter().enumerate() { if i == segments.len() - 1 { // Last segment uses ->> (text extraction) chain.push_str(&format!("->>'{seg}'")); } else { // Intermediate segments use -> (JSON traversal) chain.push_str(&format!("->'{seg}'")); } }
chain }) .to_string()}
/// Convert `?` placeholders to `$1, $2, $3...` for Postgres, skipping `?` inside single-quoted strings.fn adapt_placeholders_to_postgres(sql: &str) -> String { let mut result = String::with_capacity(sql.len()); let mut counter = 0u32; let mut in_string = false;
let chars: Vec<char> = sql.chars().collect(); let mut i = 0; while i < chars.len() { let c = chars[i]; if c == '\'' { if in_string { // Check for escaped quote '' if i + 1 < chars.len() && chars[i + 1] == '\'' { result.push('\''); result.push('\''); i += 2; continue; } in_string = false; } else { in_string = true; } result.push(c); } else if c == '?' && !in_string { counter += 1; result.push('$'); result.push_str(&counter.to_string()); } else { result.push(c); } i += 1; }
result}
/// Parse a database timestamp string to DateTime<Utc>./// Handles RFC 3339 (our app writes), Postgres timestamptz format, and SQLite datetime() format.pub fn parse_dt(s: &str) -> DateTime<Utc> { // Try RFC 3339 first (most common - what our app writes) if let Ok(dt) = DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339(s) { return dt.with_timezone(&Utc); } // Try SQLite datetime() format: "2025-03-16 12:34:56" if let Ok(naive) = chrono::NaiveDateTime::parse_from_str(s, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") { return naive.and_utc(); } // Try Postgres-style with timezone offset: "2025-03-16 12:34:56.123456+00" if let Ok(naive) = chrono::NaiveDateTime::parse_from_str(s, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S%.f") { return naive.and_utc(); } // Fallback tracing::warn!("Failed to parse datetime string: {s}"); DateTime::UNIX_EPOCH}
/// Get current UTC time as RFC 3339 string for database binding.pub fn now_rfc3339() -> String { Utc::now().to_rfc3339()}
/// Encode a pagination cursor from a timestamp and URI.pub fn encode_cursor(timestamp: &str, uri: &str) -> String { BASE64.encode(format!("{timestamp}|{uri}"))}
/// Decode a pagination cursor into (timestamp, uri). Returns None if invalid.pub fn decode_cursor(cursor: &str) -> Option<(String, String)> { let decoded = BASE64.decode(cursor).ok()?; let s = String::from_utf8(decoded).ok()?; let (ts, uri) = s.split_once('|')?; Some((ts.to_string(), uri.to_string()))}
/// Connect to the configured database and run migrations.pub async fn connect(url: &str, backend: DatabaseBackend) -> AnyPool { sqlx::any::install_default_drivers();
// For SQLite, ensure the parent directory exists if backend == DatabaseBackend::Sqlite && let Some(path) = url.strip_prefix("sqlite://") { let path = path.split('?').next().unwrap_or(path); if let Some(parent) = std::path::Path::new(path).parent() && !parent.as_os_str().is_empty() { std::fs::create_dir_all(parent).unwrap_or_else(|e| { panic!("Failed to create data directory {}: {e}", parent.display()) }); } }
let max_connections = std::env::var("DATABASE_MAX_CONNECTIONS") .ok() .and_then(|v| v.parse().ok()) .unwrap_or(match backend { DatabaseBackend::Sqlite => 16, DatabaseBackend::Postgres => 32, });
let pool = PoolOptions::<sqlx::Any>::new() .max_connections(max_connections) .acquire_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10)) .idle_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(300)) .connect(url) .await .expect("Failed to connect to database");
// Enable foreign keys and WAL mode for SQLite if backend == DatabaseBackend::Sqlite { sqlx::query("PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON") .execute(&pool) .await .expect("Failed to enable foreign keys");
sqlx::query("PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL") .execute(&pool) .await .expect("Failed to enable WAL mode");
sqlx::query("PRAGMA busy_timeout = 5000") .execute(&pool) .await .expect("Failed to set busy timeout"); }
// Run migrations from the appropriate directory let migration_dir = match backend { DatabaseBackend::Sqlite => "./migrations/sqlite", DatabaseBackend::Postgres => "./migrations/postgres", };
let migrator = Migrator::new(Path::new(migration_dir)) .await .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Failed to load migrations from {migration_dir}: {e}"));
migrator.run(&pool).await.expect("Failed to run migrations");
pool}
#[cfg(test)]mod tests { use super::*; use chrono::Datelike;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // DatabaseBackend detection // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn backend_from_url_detects_sqlite() { assert_eq!( DatabaseBackend::from_url("sqlite://data/happyview.db"), DatabaseBackend::Sqlite ); assert_eq!( DatabaseBackend::from_url("sqlite:data/happyview.db?mode=rwc"), DatabaseBackend::Sqlite ); }
#[test] fn backend_from_url_detects_postgres() { assert_eq!( DatabaseBackend::from_url("postgres://localhost/happyview"), DatabaseBackend::Postgres ); assert_eq!( DatabaseBackend::from_url("postgresql://user:pass@host/db"), DatabaseBackend::Postgres ); }
#[test] fn backend_from_str_parses() { assert_eq!( DatabaseBackend::from_str("sqlite"), Some(DatabaseBackend::Sqlite) ); assert_eq!( DatabaseBackend::from_str("POSTGRES"), Some(DatabaseBackend::Postgres) ); assert_eq!( DatabaseBackend::from_str("postgresql"), Some(DatabaseBackend::Postgres) ); assert_eq!(DatabaseBackend::from_str("invalid"), None); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // adapt_sql: placeholder conversion // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn adapt_sql_sqlite_keeps_placeholders() { let sql = "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE id = ? AND name = ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE id = ? AND name = ?" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_converts_placeholders() { let sql = "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE id = ? AND name = ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE id = $1 AND name = $2" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_handles_many_placeholders() { let sql = "INSERT INTO t VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"; let result = adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres); assert_eq!( result, "INSERT INTO t VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11)" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_skips_question_marks_in_strings() { let sql = "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE name = ? AND note LIKE '??%'"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE name = $1 AND note LIKE '??%'" ); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // adapt_sql: JSON operator conversion // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn adapt_sql_sqlite_keeps_json_extract() { let sql = "SELECT json_extract(record, '$.title') FROM records"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "SELECT json_extract(record, '$.title') FROM records" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_converts_simple_json_extract() { let sql = "SELECT json_extract(record, '$.title') FROM records WHERE collection = ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "SELECT record::jsonb->>'title' FROM records WHERE collection = $1" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_converts_chained_json_extract() { let sql = "WHERE json_extract(lexicon_json, '$.defs.main.type') = 'record'"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "WHERE lexicon_json::jsonb->'defs'->'main'->>'type' = 'record'" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_multiple_json_expressions() { let sql = "SELECT json_extract(record, '$.title'), json_extract(record, '$.year') FROM records"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "SELECT record::jsonb->>'title', record::jsonb->>'year' FROM records" ); assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "SELECT json_extract(record, '$.title'), json_extract(record, '$.year') FROM records" ); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // adapt_sql: LIKE stays as-is // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_keeps_like() { let sql = "WHERE name LIKE ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "WHERE name LIKE $1" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_sqlite_keeps_like() { let sql = "WHERE name LIKE ?"; assert_eq!(adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "WHERE name LIKE ?"); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // adapt_sql: datetime('now') conversion // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn adapt_sql_sqlite_keeps_datetime_now() { let sql = "INSERT INTO t (created_at) VALUES (datetime('now'))"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "INSERT INTO t (created_at) VALUES (datetime('now'))" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_converts_datetime_now() { let sql = "INSERT INTO t (created_at) VALUES (datetime('now'))"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "INSERT INTO t (created_at) VALUES (NOW())" ); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // adapt_sql: datetime('now', '±N unit') conversion // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn adapt_sql_sqlite_keeps_datetime_interval() { let sql = "WHERE indexed_at > datetime('now', '-7 days')"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "WHERE indexed_at > datetime('now', '-7 days')" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_converts_datetime_minus_interval() { let sql = "WHERE indexed_at > datetime('now', '-7 days')"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "WHERE indexed_at > NOW() - INTERVAL '7 days'" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_converts_datetime_plus_interval() { let sql = "WHERE expires_at < datetime('now', '+30 minutes')"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "WHERE expires_at < NOW() + INTERVAL '30 minutes'" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_postgres_interval_with_json_and_placeholders() { let sql = "SELECT json_extract(record, '$.subject') FROM records WHERE collection = ? AND indexed_at > datetime('now', '-7 days') LIMIT ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "SELECT record::jsonb->>'subject' FROM records WHERE collection = $1 AND indexed_at > NOW() - INTERVAL '7 days' LIMIT $2" ); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // adapt_sql: boolean literals stay as 0/1 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn adapt_sql_keeps_integer_booleans() { let sql = "UPDATE t SET active = 1 WHERE id = ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "UPDATE t SET active = 1 WHERE id = $1" ); assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "UPDATE t SET active = 1 WHERE id = ?" ); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // adapt_sql: combined conversions // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn adapt_sql_combined_json_like_placeholders() { let sql = "SELECT * FROM records WHERE json_extract(record, '$.title') LIKE ? LIMIT ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "SELECT * FROM records WHERE record::jsonb->>'title' LIKE $1 LIMIT $2" ); assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Sqlite), "SELECT * FROM records WHERE json_extract(record, '$.title') LIKE ? LIMIT ?" ); }
#[test] fn adapt_sql_no_json_operators_unchanged() { let sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM records WHERE collection = ?"; assert_eq!( adapt_sql(sql, DatabaseBackend::Postgres), "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM records WHERE collection = $1" ); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // parse_dt // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
#[test] fn parse_dt_rfc3339() { let dt = parse_dt("2025-03-16T12:34:56Z"); assert_eq!(dt.year(), 2025); assert_eq!(dt.month(), 3); }
#[test] fn parse_dt_sqlite_format() { let dt = parse_dt("2025-03-16 12:34:56"); assert_eq!(dt.year(), 2025); assert_eq!(dt.month(), 3); }}